High Carbon High Chromium Steel Bars

Product Details:

Cold-work tool steels which include D2, D3, D4, D5, and D7 steels are high-carbon, high-chromium steels. Apart from D3 steel all group D steels have 1% Mo and are air hardened. Type D3 steel is oil-quenched; though small sections can be gas quenched after austenitization using vacuum. As a result, tools made with type D3 steel tend to be brittle during hardening. Type D2 steel is the most commonly used steel among the group D steels. The D3 steels contain 1.5 to 2.35% of carbon and 12% of chromium.

Equivalent metals of D3 steel are:

• AFNOR Z 200 C 12
• DIN 1.2080
• UNI X 21O Cr 13 KU
• JIS SKD1
• B.S. BD 3
• ASTM A681
• FED QQ-T-570
• SAE J437
• SAE J438
• UNS T30403

• Annealing of D3 tool steel needs to be done in a controlled atmosphere furnace.
• D3 tool steels should be heated thoroughly to 871°C (1600°F) and cooled slowly at a rate of not more than -6°C (20°F) per hour, until the furnace is black.
• Then the material should be removed and air cooled.

• D3 tool steel requires hardening and tempering to achieve maximum properties.
• For maximum accuracy, the parts of D3 tool steel should be stress relieved after roughing operations.
• Stress should be relieved at 648°C (1200°F) for one hour and cooled slowly.
• Tempering The D3 tool steel should be cooled to room temperature and should be tempered immediately.
• The parts should be placed in the tempering furnace and increased slowly to the desired tempering temperature.

• D3 tool steel should be heated properly since it is very sensitive to overheating and if not heated maximum hardness cannot be achieved.
• The work should be directly placed in a furnace preheated to 954°C (1750°F) and soaked for 20-25 minutes, plus 5 minutes per inch of thickness, and then oil-quenched to harden it.

The following table shows the thermal properties of D3 steels:

Physical properties of D3 tool steels are given below:

The mechanical properties of D3 steels are tabulated below: