Product Details:
Single Piece Length | 6 meter |
Material | Steel |
Application | Construction |
Thickness/Diameter | 1-2 inch |
Grade | H13 |
Product Details:
Modulus of elasticity | 210 [103 x Wrnm2] |
Density | 7.85 [gicm3J |
Thermal conductivity | 59.0 pN/m.K |
Electric resistivity | 0.11 (Ohm mrri2/m) |
Specific heat capacity | 0.4.6 [J/g.K] |
Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion 10-6 °CI:
20-100°C | 20-200°C |
---|---|
11 | 11 8 |
Product Details:
Application | Industrial, Construction |
Material | Mild Steel |
Grade | M35 |
Thickness | Upto 8 mm |
Product Details:
Application | Industrial, Construction |
Material | Steel |
Grade | Ck15 |
Type | Hot Work Tool Steel |
Product Details:
Application | Industrial, Construction |
Grade | T4 |
Material | Steel |
Thickness | Upto 8 mm |
Product Details:
Application | Suitable for highly stressed structural parts such as aircraft landing gear |
Steel Grade | H11 |
Material | Steel |
Product Details:
Application | Hot extrusion dies for aluminum, inserts and nozzles for aluminum, etc. |
Steel Grade | M35 |
Material | Steel |
Product Details:
Application | Construction, Industrial |
Material | Steel |
Grade | Ck 30 |
Product Details:
Material | Steel |
Color | Silver |
Thickness | 25mm |
Annealing:
Product Details:
Application | Industrial, Construction |
Material | Steel |
Grade | T5 |
Tungsten high-speed tool steels are designated group T steels according to the AISI classification system and range from T1 to T15. These steels have similar characteristics to those of molybdenum high-speed tool steels. The following sections will discuss T5 tool steels in more detail.
Forging
M42 molybdenum high speed tool steel is preheated to 871°C (1599°F) in a slow manner and then soaked. This is followed by rapid heating to 1093°C (1999°F) and slow cooling. Temperatures below 982°C (1799°F) are not suitable for the forging process.
Other DesignationsOther designations that are equivalent to T5 tungsten tool steels include:
• DIN 1.3265Properties | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
Hardness, Brinell (typical) | 300 | 33 |
Hardness, Rockwell C (typical) | 30 | 30 |
Tensile strength, ultimate | 965-1030 MPa | 140000-150000 psi |
Tensile strength, yield | 827-862 MPa | 120000-125000 psi |
Elongation at break (in 50 mm (2")) | 20.0% | 20.0% |
Compressive strength | 862 MPa | 125000 psi |
Charpy impact (V-Notch) | 27.1-33.9 J | 20.0-25.0 ft-lb |
Poisson's ratio | 0.27-0.30 | 0.27-0.30 |
Elastic modulus | 190-210 GPa | 27557-30457 ksi |
The following table shows the thermal properties of T5 tool steels.
Properties | Conditions | ||
---|---|---|---|
T (ºC) | Treatment | ||
Thermal expansion | 11.2 x 10-6/ºC | 20-100 | - |
The physical properties of T5 tool steels are given in the following table.
Physical properties | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
Density | 8.75 g/cm3 | 0.316 lb/in3 |
The mechanical properties of T5 tool steels are tabulated below.
Properties | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
Elastic modulus | 190-210 GPa | 27557-30458 ksi |
Poisson's ratio | 0.27-0.30 | 0.27-0.30 |
Product Details:
Application | Industrial |
Grade | M42 |
Material | Steel |
Equivalent materials to M42 molybdenum high speed tool steel are:
• AFNOR 07-05-04-04-02M42 tool steel can be drilled, turned, threaded, broached, milled and tapped when it is in its annealed condition and rated at 45% of 1% carbon steel.
ForgingM42 molybdenum high speed tool steel is preheated to 871°C (1599°F) in a slow manner and then soaked. This is followed by rapid heating to 1093°C (1999°F) and slow cooling. Temperatures below 982°C (1799°F) are not suitable for the forging process.
TemperingM42 tool steel is tempered for three times at 538-593°C (1000-1099°F) and then cooled completely between cycles to obtain good results. Tempering is performed in vacuum furnaces or in salt baths.
AnnealingM42 tool steel is heated at 871°C (1599°F) and then cooled slowly in a furnace.
HardeningM42 tool steel is preheated to 871°C (1599°F), soaked and finally heated to 1204°C (2199°F).
QuenchingA salt media is used for quenching M42 tool steel at 538°C (1000°F) and then the steel is air cooled
Heat TreatmentHeat treatment temperatures, including rate of heating, cooling and soaking times will vary due to factors such as the shape and size of each M42 steel component. Other considerations during the heat treatment process include the type of furnace, quenching medium and work piece transfer facilities. Please consult your heat treatment provider for full guidance on heat treatment of high speed steels
Stress RelievingIf tools produced from M42 high speed steel are heavily machined or ground it is recommended to stress relieve after machining and prior to hardening to minimise the possibility of distortion. To stress relieve heat the component to 600-650°C and soak well (approximately two hours) Cool slowly in the furnace. The M42 tools can be finish machined before heat treatment.
Elements | Min | Max |
---|---|---|
Carbon, C | 0.70 | 0.85 |
Manganese, Mn | -.-- | 0.40 |
Silicon, Si | -.-- | 0.40 |
Molybdenum, Mo | -- | -- |
Chromium,Cr | 3.80 | 4.50 |
W | 17.00 | 19.00 |
V | 0.80 | 1.20 |
Co | 4.50 | 5.50 |
The table below shows the physical properties of M42 molybdenum high speed tool steel.
Properties | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
Thermal expansion co-efficient | 11.9 µm/m°C | 6.6 µin/in°F |
Properties | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
Hardness, Rockwell C (oil quenched from 1204°C, 5 minutes) | 64.3 | 64.3 |
Hardness, Rockwell C (oil quenched from 1177°C, 5 minutes) | 65.5 | 65.5 |
Hardness, Rockwell C(oil quenched from 1163°C) | 65.8 | 65.8 |
Izod impact unnotched (oil quenched at 1191°C; 510°C temper temperature) | 13.6 J | 10.0 ft- lb |
Izod impact unnotched (oil quenched at 1191°C; 622°C temper temperature) | 24.4 J | 25.8 |
Machinability (1% carbon steel) | 35.0 - 40.0% | 35.0 - 40.0% |
Poisson's ratio | 0.27-0.30 | 0.27-0.30 |
Elastic modulus | 190-210 GPa | 27557-30458 ksi |
Product Details:
Application | Industrial |
Grade | H11 |
Material | Steel |
Chromium hot-work tool steels are designated as group H steels according to the AISI classification system. This series of steels start from H1 to H19. The most commonly used chromium hot-work steels are H11, H12, and H13, which can be air hardened in 150 mm thick sections. The steels are subjected to minimal distortion during hardening due to their balanced alloy content. The tools produced from chromium hot-work steels can be cooled using water without damage as these steels have low carbon and alloy contents.
This article will give an overview of H11 chromium hot-work steels, which have low carbon content and good toughness. These steels can be deep hardened by heat treatment and air-quenching.
Chemical CompositionElement | Min | Max |
---|---|---|
Carbon, C | 0.32 | 0.42 |
Manganese, Mn | -.-- | 0.50 |
Silicon, Si | 0.80 | 1.20 |
Molybdenum, Mo | 1.00 | 1.50 |
Chromium,Cr | 4.50 | 5.50 |
V | 0.30 | 0.50 |
Co | -- | -- |
The physical properties of H11 tool steels are given in the following table.
Properties | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
Density | 7.81 g/cm 3 | 0.282 lb/in 3 |
Melting point | 1427°C | 2600°F |
The mechanical properties of H11 tool steels are tabulated below
Properties | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
Hardness, Rockwell C (air cooled from 982°C, 45 mins) | 52.5 | 52.5 |
Hardness, Rockwell C (air cooled from 1010°C, 45 mins) | 56 | 56 |
Hardness, Rockwell C (air cooled from 1038°C, 45 mins) | 57 | 57 |
Modulus of elasticity | 207 GPa | 30000 ksi |
Modulus of elasticity (@538°C/1000°F) | 159 GPa | 23000 ksi |
Modulus of elasticity (@204°C/400°F) | 190 GPa | 27500 ksi |
Charpy impact (V-notch; air cooled from 1010°C;535°C temper temperature) | 13.6 J | 10.0 ft-lb |
Charpy impact (V-notch; air cooled from 1010°C;650°C temper temperature) | 27.1 J | 20.0 ft-lb |
Charpy impact (V-notch; air cooled from 1010°C;370°C temper temperature) | 33.9 J | 25.0 ft-lb |
Machinability (1% carbon steel) | 75.0 - 80.0% | 75.0 - 80.0% |
Poisson's ratio | 0.27-0.30 | 0.27-0.30 |
The following table shows the thermal properties of H11 tool steels.
Properties | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
Thermal expansion (@20-100ºC/68-212ºF) | 11.9 x 10 -6 /ºC | 6.63 µin/in°F |
Thermal conductivity (@100ºC/212ºF) | 42.2 W/mK | 292.9 in/hr.ft².°F |
Other designations that are equivalent to H11 tool steels include
AFNOR Z 38 CDV 5 | AMS 6485 | SAE J438 |
DIN 1.2343 | AMS 6487 | SAE J467 |
UNI KU | AMS 6488 | UNS T20811 |
JIS SKD6 | ASTM A681 | AISI 610 |
B.S. BH 11 | FED QQ-T-570 | ASTM A579 |
AMS 6437 | SAE J437 | MIL S-47262 |
Product Details:
Application | Industrial |
Material | Steel |
Grade | H13 |
Chromium hot-work tool steels are designated as group H steels according to the AISI classification system. This series of steels start from H1 to H19. The most commonly used chromium hot-work steels are H11, H12, and H13, which can be air hardened in 150 mm thick sections. The steels are subjected to minimal distortion during hardening due to their air-hardening and balanced alloy content. The tools produced from chromium hot-work steels can be cooled using water without damage as these steels have low carbon and alloy contents.
This article will give an overview of H13 chromium hot-work steels, which contain strengthening agents such as vanadium and molybdenum. These steels are resistant to softening at elevated temperatures due to the presence of chromium content.
Other designations that are equivalent to H13 tool steels include:
H13 tool steels are preheated to 816°C (1500°F). Then the steels are directly heated by increasing the temperature to 1010°C (1850°F) followed by holding for 15 to 40 mins. The steels are then air-quenched.
ForgingH13 tool steels are forged at 1079°C (1975°F). For this type of steels, forging below 898°C (1650°F) is not preferable.
AnnealingH13 tool steels are annealed at 871°C (1600°F) and slowly cooled at 4°C (40°F) in the furnace.
TemperingTempering is carried out in H13 tool steels from 538 to 649°C (1000 to 1200°F) to obtain Rockwell C hardness of 53 to 38. Double tempering can also be performed in these steels for every one hour at the preferred tempering temperature.
Chemical Composition:Element | Min | Max |
---|---|---|
Carbon, C | 0.32 | 0.42 |
Manganese, Mn | 1.10 | 0.50 |
Silicon, Si | 0.80 | 1.20 |
Molybdenum, Mo | 1.00 | 1.50 |
Chromium,Cr | 4.50 | 5.50 |
W | -- | -- |
Vanadium, V | 0.80 | 1.20 |
Co | -- | -- |
The physical properties of H13 tool steels are given in the following table
Properties | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
Density (@20°C/68°F) | 7.80 g/cm 3 | 0.282 lb/in 3 |
Melting point | 1427°C | 2600°F |
The mechanical properties of H13 tool steels are tabulated below.
Properties | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
Tensile strength, ultimate (@20°C/68°F, varies with heat treatment) | 1200 - 1590 MPa | 174000 - 231000 psi |
Tensile strength, yield (@20°C/68°F, varies with heat treatment) | 1000 - 1380 MPa | 145000 - 200000 psi |
Reduction of area (@20°C/68°F) | 0.5 | 0.5 |
Modulus of elasticity (@20°C/68°F) | 215 GPa | 31200 ksi |
Poisson's ratio | 0.27-0.30 | 0.27-0.30 |
The following table shows the thermal properties of H13 tool steels.
Properties | Conditions | ||
---|---|---|---|
T (ºC) | Treatment | ||
Thermal expansion | 10.4 x 10 -6 /ºC | 20-100 | - |
Thermal conductivity | 28.6 W/mK | 215 | - |
Product Details:
Application | Industrial |
Material | Steel |
Grade | M2 |
Description : M2 is a general purpose molybdenum high speed steel. This grade is characterized by balanced Combination of abrasion resistance, toughness and good red hardness. Due to its comparatively low Carbon content, M2 has an excellent combination of toughness properties and abrasion resistance When properly hardened and tempered. M2 is used in a wide used for all kinds of cutting tool, knife and punch and die applications.
Molybdenum high speed steels are designated as Group M steels according to the AISI classification system. Over 95% of high-speed steels manufactured in the US are group M steels. Tungsten is present in all types from M1 to M10, except M6, and cobalt is not present in any these steels. Molybdenum high speed steels have similar performance when compared to tungsten high-speed steels. However, the initial cost of molybdenum tool steels is lower. Titanium nitride, titanium carbide and several other coatings can be used in the tools made of this kind of steels through physical vapor deposition process to improve the performance and life span of the tool.
Other designations that are equivalent to M2 molybdenum high speed tool steels include:
• AFNOR 06-05-04-02
• DIN 1.3343
• UNI KU
• JIS SKH9
• SS 2722
• B.S. BM 2
• FED QQ-T-590
• ASTM A597 (CM-2)
• ASTM A600
• SAE J437
• SAE J438
• UNS T11302
Element | Min | Max |
---|---|---|
Carbon, C | 0.80 | 0.90 |
Manganese, Mn | -.-- | 0.40 |
Silicon, Si | -.-- | 0.40 |
Molybdenum, Mo | 4.50 | 5.50 |
Chromium,Cr | 3.80 | 4.50 |
W | 5.50 | 6.70 |
V | 1.60 | 2.20 |
The physical properties of M2 molybdenum high speed tool steel are given in the following table.
Properties | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
Density | 8.16 g/cm3 | 0.294 lb/in3 |
Melting point | 4680°C | 2600°F |
The mechanical properties of M2 molybdenum high speed tool steel are tabulated below
Properties | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
Hardness, Rockwell C (tempered at 1150°F, quenched at 2200°F) | 62 | 62 |
Hardness, Rockwell C (as hardened, quenched at 2200°F) | 65 | 65 |
Compressive yield strength (when tempered at 300°F) | 3250 MPa | 471000 psi |
Izod impact unnotched (when tempered at 300°F) | 67 J | 49.4 ft-lb |
Abrasion (loss in mm3, as-hardened; ASTM G65) | 25.8 | 25.8 |
Abrasion (loss in mm3, tempered at 1275°F; ASTM G65) | 77.7 | 77.7 |
Poisson's ratio | 0.27-0.30 | 0.27-0.30 |
Elastic modulus | 190-210 GPa | 27557-30458 ksi |
The following table shows the thermal properties of M2 molybdenum high speed tool steels.
Properties | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
CTE, linear (@20.0 - 100°C/ 68.0 - 212°F) | 10 μm/m°C | 5.56 μin/in°F |
CTE, linear (@20.0 - 500°C/68.0 - 932°F) | 12.2 μm/m°C | 6.78 μin/in°F |
CTE, linear (@20.0 - 850°C/68.0 - 1560°F) | 12.6 μm/m°C | 7 μin/in°F |