Product Details:
Usage/Application | Industrial |
Alloy | With Alloy |
Shape | Round |
Technique | Hot Rolled |
Material | Steel |
Standard | AISI 52100 |
Alloy steels contain different varieties of steels that exceed the composition limits of Mn, C, Mo, Si, Ni, Va, and B set for carbon steels.
Fabrication and Heat Treatment Machinability:
Element | Min | Max |
---|---|---|
Carbon, C | 0.90 | 1.20 |
Manganese, Mn | 0.30 | 0.75 |
Silicon, Si | 0.10 | 0.35 |
Nickel, Ni | -- | -- |
Molybdenum, Mo | -- | -- |
Chromium,Cr | 1.00 | 1.06 |
Sulfur, S | -.-- | 0.05 |
Phosphorous, P | -.-- | 0.05 |
Properties | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
Density | 7.81 g/cm 3 | 0.282 lb/in³ |
Melting point | 1424°C | 2595°F |
Properties | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
Bulk modulus (typical for steel) | 140 GPa | 20300 ksi |
Shear modulus (typical for steel) | 80 GPa | 11600 ksi |
Elastic modulus | 190-210 GPa | 27557-30458 ksi |
Poisson's ratio | 0.27-0.30 | 0.27-0.30 |
Hardness, Brinell | - | - |
Hardness, Knoop (converted from Rockwell C hardness) | 875 | 875 |
Hardness, Rockwell C (quenched in oil from 150°C tempered) | 62 | 62 |
Hardness, Rockwell C (quenched in water from 150°C tempered) | 64 | 64 |
Hardness, Rockwell C (quenched in oil) | 64 | 64 |
Hardness, Rockwell C (quenched in water) | 66 | 66 |
Properties | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
Thermal expansion co-efficient (@ 23-280°C/73.4- 36°F, annealed) | 11.9 µm/m°C | 6.61 µin/in°F |
Thermal conductivity (typical steel) | 46.6 W/mK | 323 BTU in/hr.ft².°F |
Product Details:
Thickness | 1-12 mm |
Usage/Application | Industrial |
Alloy | With Alloy |
Shape | Flats |
Size | 8x4 feet, 5x2 feet, etc |
Material | Steel |
Product Details:
Usage/Application | Industrial |
Alloy | With Alloy |
Shape | Round |
Technique | Hot Rolled |
Material | Steel |
Density | 8670Kg/M3 |
Single Piece Length | 3-6 meter |
Product Details:
Type | Tool Steel Bar |
Usage/Application | Industrial |
Alloy | With Alloy |
Shape | Flats |
Material | Steel |
Single Piece Length | 3-6 meter |
Technique | Hot Rolled |
Density | 8670Kg/M3 |
Oil Hardening Non Shrinking Die Steel, Blanking and stamping dies, Punches, Rotary shear blades, Thread cutting tools, Milling cutters, Reamers, Measuring tools, Gauging tools, Wood working tools, Broaches, Chasers. An ideal type oil-hardened steel which is economical and dependable for gauging, cutting and blanking tools as well as can be relied for hardness and good cutting performance. O1 Tool Steel is an electric-furnace melted, oil-hardened, non-shrinking, general-purpose tool steel. It is chemically composed of approximately 0.95 percent carbon, 1.1 percent manganese, 0.6 percent chromium, 0.6 percent tungsten and 0.1 percent vanadium. The hardening temperature of O1 tool steel is between 790 degrees Celsius and 820 degrees Celsius.
Strength and Hardness:
Property | Quality |
---|---|
Max Hardness | 60-64 |
Heat Resistance | Low |
Wear Resistance | Medium |
Machinability | Good |
Deformation During Hardening | Medium |
Hardening Temperature | 760-870 |
Resistance To Decarburization | Good |
Micro Hardness | 280Vhn |
Emissivity | 0.8 |
spinning and flow forming | 56-62 |
Small coining dies | 56-60 |
Guide bushes, ejector pins, high duty, | 58–62 |
small/medium drills and taps | |
Small gear wheels, pistons, nozzles, cams |
Product Details:
Usage/Application | Industrial |
Alloy | With Alloy |
Shape | Round |
Product Type | Tool Steel Bar |
Diameter | 2 inch |
Material | Steel |
Length | 3-6 meter |
Cold work tool steels are employed for the manufacture of tools for applications involving surface temperatures below 200°C. In this temperature range, the steel must feature the following properties in order to guarantee tool resistance to the high stresses arising from the numerous machining and shaping procedures.
Product Details:
Production Description:
Decarburization:
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Specific Gravity | 7.40 |
---|---|
Density | 0.2700 lb/in³ |
Mean CTE | |
70 to 400°F | 6.13 x 10-6 in/in/°F |
70 to 600°F | 6.48 x 10-6 in/in/°F |
Modulus of Elasticity (E) | 31.0 x 103 ksi |
Alloy Mechanical Property Making | Normal Diameter, in. | Full-Size Tests | Rock well Hardness | Machined Specimen Tests | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tensile Strength ksi | Yield Strength ksi | Tensile Strength ksi | Yield Strength ksi | Elongation in 4D, % | |||
F593G | 1/4 to 5/8 inch. | 100 - 150 | 65 | B95 to C32 | 95 | 60 | 20 |
Product Details:
Type | Tool Steel Bar |
Usage/Application | Industrial |
Alloy | With Alloy |
Shape | Flats |
Single Piece Length | 3-6 meter |
Material | Steel |
Density | 7.7 x 1000 kg/m3 |
Melting Point | 1421 degree C |
D2 steel is an air hardening, high-carbon, high-chromium tool steel. It has high wear and abrasion resistant properties. It is heat treatable and will offer a hardness in the range 55-62 HRC, and is machinable in the annealed condition. D2 steel shows little distortion on correct hardening. D2 steel’s high chromium content gives it mild corrosion resisting properties in the hardened condition.Cold-work tool steels include the high-carbon, high-chromium steels or group D steels. These steels are designated as group D steels and consist of D2, D3, D4, D5, and D7 steels. These steels contain 1.5 to 2.35% of carbon and 12% of chromium. Except type D3 steel, all the other group D steels include 1% Mo and are air hardened. Type D3 steel is oil-quenched; though small sections can be gas quenched after austenitization using vacuum.
Equivalent materials to D2 tool steels are:
Element | Min | Max |
---|---|---|
Carbon, C | 1.55 | 1.75 |
Manganese, Mn | 0.20 | 0.40 |
Silicon, Si | 0.25 | 0.40 |
Molybdenum, Mo | 0.50 | 0.70 |
Chromium,Cr | 11.00 | 12.00 |
W | 0.40 | 0.60 |
Vanadium, V | 0.10 | 0.50 |
Co | -- | -- |
Mechanical Properties | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
Hardness, Knoop (converted from Rockwell C hardness) | 769 | 769 |
Hardness, Rockwell C | 62 | 62 |
Hardness, Vickers | 748 | 748 |
Izod impact unnotched | 77.0 J | 56.8 ft-lb |
Poisson's ratio | 0.27-0.30 | 0.27-0.30 |
Elastic modulus | 190-210 GPa | 27557-30457 ksi |
Properties | Conditions | ||
---|---|---|---|
T (°C) | Treatment | ||
Thermal expansion | 10.4 x 10 -6 /ºC | 20-100 | - |
Product Details:
Type | Tool Steel Bar |
Usage/Application | Industrial |
Alloy | With Alloy |
Shape | Flats |
Single Piece Length | 3-6 meter |
Material | Steel |
M35 5% Cobalt tool bits are designed for heavy duty machining alloy steels and tough materials, such as castings and forgings. They have high heat and abrasion resistant properties and are best used when making heavy cuts, at high speeds and feeds, or where high heat is a factor.
Property:
Element | Min | Max |
---|---|---|
Carbon, C | 0.80 | 0.90 |
Manganese, Mn | -.-- | 0.40 |
Silicon, Si | -.-- | 0.40 |
Molybdenum, Mo | 4.80 | 6.20 |
Chromium,Cr | 3.80 | 4.50 |
V | 1.70 | 2.30 |
W | 5.50 | 6.70 |
Co | 4.50 | 5.50 |
Physical Properties | TemperatureC/F | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
20/70 | 400/750 | 600/1110 | ||
Density | Kg/m^3 | 8150 | 8050 | 7990 |
lbs/in^3 | 0.294 | 0.29 | 0.228 | |
Modulus of Elasticity | kN/mm^32 | 230 | 290 | 84 |
psi | 34.10^6 | 205 | 27-10^5 | |
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion From 20C/70F | per C | - | 31-10^5 | 11.9-10^6 |
per F | - | 11.6-10^4 | 6.6-10^6 | |
W/m C | 24 | 28 | 27 | |
Tharmal conductivity | Btu/sq.ft.h F/in | 166 | 194 | 187 |
Specific Heat | J/Kg C | 420 | 510 | 600 |
Btu/lb F | 0.1 | 0.12 | 0.014 |
The mechanical properties of M35 molybdenum high speed tool steels are tabulated below:
Mechanical properties | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
Hardness, Rockwell C (oil quenched from 1232°C, 5 mins) | 64.8 | 64.8 |
Hardness, Rockwell C (oil quenched from 1177°C, 5 mins) | 65.2 | 65.2 |
Hardness, Rockwell C (oil quenched from 1204°C, 5 mins) | 65.2 | 65.2 |
Modulus of elasticity | 207 GPa | 30000 ksi |
Machinability (1% carbon steel) | 45.0 - 50.0% | 45.0 - 50.0% |
The following table shows the thermal properties of M35 molybdenum high speed tool steels:
Thermal properties | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
CTE, linear (@21 - 399°C / 69.8 - 750°F) | 11.4 μm/m°C | 6.33 μin/in°F |
CTE, linear (@21 - 593°C /69.8 - 1100°F) | 11.5 μm/m°C | 6.39 μin/in°F |
Soft Annealing °C | Annealed Hardness HB | Warm up °C | Preheating Step 1 °C | Preheating Step 2 °C | Hardening From °C | Quenching In | Hardened Hardness HRC | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
790-840 | Max. 265 | 450-600 | 850 | 1050 | 1200-1220 | OIL / AIR Hot Bath 550 °C | 64-66 |
Product Details:
Type | Tool Steel Bar |
Alloy | With Alloy |
Shape | Flats |
Material | Tool Steel |
Single Piece Length | 3-6 meter |
Metric Density | 8.16 g/cm3 |
Imperial Density | 0.294 lb/in3 |
Annealing:
Chemical Composition:
Properties | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
Hardness, Brinell (typical) | 300 | 33 |
Hardness, Rockwell C (typical) | 30 | 30 |
Tensile strength, ultimate | 965-1030 MPa | 140000-150000 psi |
Tensile strength, yield |
827-862 MPa | 120000-125000 psi |
Elongation at break (in 50 mm (2")) | 20.0% | 20.0% |
Compressive strength | 862 MPa | 125000 psi |
Charpy impact (V-Notch) | 27.1-33.9 J | 20.0-25.0 ft-lb |
Poisson's ratio | 0.27-0.30 | 0.27-0.30 |
Elastic modulus | 190-210 GPa | 27557-30457 ksi |
Heat temperature | Cooling | Hardness HRC | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plan | First-time preheat | Second-time preheat | Quenching temperature | ||
500-600 | 820-860 | 980-1040 | Oil cooling or air cooling | 60-65 | |
500-600 | 820-860 | 1060-1100 | Oil cooling or air cooling | 60-65 |
Plan | Tempering temperature | Times of tempering | Hardness HRC |
---|---|---|---|
180-220 | 1 | 60-64 | |
510-540 | 2 | 60-64 |
Item | Heat temperature | Start-forging temperature | Finish-forging temperature | Cooling |
---|---|---|---|---|
Steel ingot | 1120-1160 | 1050-1090 | ≥850 | Annealing with red hot state |
Steel billet | 1120-1140 | 1050-1070 | ≥850 | Annealing with red hot state or slow cooling |
Product Details:
Type | Tool Steel Bar |
Usage/Application | Industrial |
Material Grade | M2 Tool Steel |
Alloy | With Alloy |
Shape | Flats |
Single Piece Length | 3-6 meter |
Metric Density | 8.16 g/cm3 |
Imperial Density | 0.294 lb/in3 |
Melting Point | 4680 degree C |
Other designations that are equivalent to M2 molybdenum high speed tool steels include:
Chemical Composition:
Element | Min | Max |
---|---|---|
Carbon, C | 0.80 | 0.90 |
Manganese, Mn | -.-- | 0.40 |
Silicon, Si | -.-- | 0.40 |
Molybdenum, Mo | 4.50 | 5.50 |
Chromium,Cr | 3.80 | 4.50 |
W | 5.50 | 6.70 |
V | 1.60 | 2.20 |
The mechanical properties of M2 molybdenum high speed tool steel are tabulated below:
Mechanical properties | Metric | Imperial |
---|---|---|
Hardness, Rockwell C (tempered at 1150°F, quenched at 2200°F) | 62 | 62 |
Hardness, Rockwell C (as hardened, quenched at 2200°F) | 65 | 65 |
Compressive yield strength (when tempered at 300°F) | 3250 MPa | 471000 |
Izod impact unnotched (when tempered at 300°F) | 67 J | 49.4 ft-lb |
Abrasion (loss in mm3, as-hardened; ASTM G65) | 25.8 | 25.8 |
Abrasion (loss in mm3, tempered at 1275°F; ASTM G65) | 77.7 | 77.7 |
Poisson's ratio | 0.27-0.30 | 0.27-0.30 |
Elastic modulus | 190-210 GPa | 27557-30458 ksi |
The following table shows the thermal properties of M2 molybdenum high speed tool steels:
Thermal properties | Metric | Impherial |
---|---|---|
CTE, linear (@20.0 - 100°C/ 68.0 - 212°F) | 10 μm/m°C | 5.56 μin/in°F |
CTE, linear (@20.0 - 500°C/68.0 - 932°F) | 12.2 μm/m°C | 6.78 μin/in°F |
CTE, linear (@20.0 - 850°C/68.0 - 1560°F) | 12.6 μm/m°C | 7 μin/in°F |
Product Details:
Usage/Application | Industrial |
Shape | Square |
Alloy | With Alloy |
Length | 3-6 meter |
Technique | Hot Rolled |
Material | Steel |
Thread rolling dies, Hobs, Cold extrusion tools and dies, Punches, Draw plates and dies, Cutters, Measuring tools, Pressure casting moulds, Blanking, Reamer, Finishing rolls for tyre mills. This type of steel has high dimensional stability with added wear resistance coupled with excellent edge holding qualities. Cold-work tool steels include the high-carbon, high-chromium steels or group D steels. These steels are designated as group D steels and consist of D2, D3, D4, D5, and D7 steels. These steels contain 1.5 to 2.35% of carbon and 12% of chromium. Except type D3 steel, all the other group D steels include 1% Mo and are air hardened. Type D3 steel is oil-quenched; though small sections can be gas quenched after austenitization using vacuum. This makes tools made with type D3 steel brittle during hardening. Type D2 steel is the most commonly used steel among the group D steels.
The other designations of D5 tool steels are:
Element | Min | Max |
---|---|---|
Carbon, C | 1.40 | 1.60 |
Manganese, Mn | 0.00 | 0.60 |
Silicon,Si | 0.00 | 0.60 |
Nickel, Ni | 0.00 | 0.30 |
Molybdenum, Mo | 0.70 | 1.20 |
Chromium,Cr | 11.00 | 13.00 |
Properties | Metric | Impherial |
---|---|---|
Density | 7.7 – 8.03 x 1000 kg/m3 | 0.278 – 0.290 lb/in3 |
Melting Point | 1426°C | 2600°F |
Properties | Metric | Impheria |
---|---|---|
Poisson's ratio | 0.27-0.30 | 0.27-0.30 |
Elastic modulus | 190-210 GPa | 27557-30457 ksi |
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