EN Series Steel Round Bars

Product Details:

EN47 is suitable for oil hardening and tempering. When used in the oil hardened and tempered condition EN47 spring steel combines spring characteristics with good wear and abrasion resistance. When hardened EN47 offers excellent toughness and shock resistance which make it a suitable alloy spring steel for parts exposed to stress, shock and vibration.

Forging:

• Preheat the steel carefully, then raise temperature to 1050°C for forging.
• Do not forge below 840°C. After forging EN47 spring steel cool slowly, preferably in a furnace.

Annealing:

• Heat slowly to 820-840°C, soak well. Cool slowly in the furnace.

Hardening:

• Heat slowly to 650-700°C and thoroughly soak.
• Continue to heat the steel to the final hardening temperature of 830-860°C and allow the component to be heated through. Quench in oil.

Tempering:

• Temper the EN47 spring steel component immediately after quenching whilst tools are still hand warm.
• Re-heat to the tempering temperature then soak for one hour per 25 millimetre of total thickness (2 hours minimum) Cool in air.
• For most applications tempering of this grade will be between 400-600°C.

Heat Treatment:

• Heat treatment temperatures, including rate of heating, cooling and soaking times etc. will vary due to factors such as the shape and size of each component.
• Other considerations during the heat treatment process include the type of furnace, quenching medium and work piece transfer facilities.
• Please consult your heat treatment provider for full guidance on heat treatment of EN47.

Welding:

• We recommend you contact your welding consumables supplier who should provide you full assistance and information on welding EN47 chrome vanadium spring steel.

Chemical Composition:

Mechanical Properties:
Physical Properties:

Product Details:

BS970: 1955 EN24, BS970/PD970: 1970 onwards 817M40. Related European grades: 34CrNiMo6, Werkstoff No. 1.6582 US Grade: SAE (AISI) 4340. EN24 is usually supplied in the finally heat treated condition (quenched and tempered to “T” properties) up to a limiting ruling section of 250mm, which is superior to grades 605M36, 708M40 or 709M40 – see properties below. Please refer to our selection guide for comparisons. EN24 is a very popular grade of through-hardening alloy steel, which is readily machinable in the “T” condition. (Refer to our machinability guide). EN24T is most suitable for the manufacture of parts such as heavy-duty axles and shafts, gears, bolts and studs. EN24T can be further surface-hardened typically to 58-60 HRC by induction or nitride processes, producing components with enhanced wear resistance. In addition to the above, EN24T is capable of retaining good impact values at low temperatures, hence it is frequently specified for harsh offshore applications such as hydraulic bolt tensioners and shipborne mechanical handling equipment. EN24 sections larger than 250mm may still be available in the quenched and tempered condition, but it should be noted that a fall-off in mechanical properties may be apparent approaching the centre of the bar. It is therefore recommended that larger sizes are supplied in the annealed (softened) condition, and that quenching and tempering is carried out after initial stock removal. This should achieve better mechanical properties towards the core.

Chemical composition:
Product Details:

Product Details:

EN31 is a high carbon Alloy steel which achieves a high degree of hardness with compressive strength and abrasion resistance.

Forging:

• Forge at 1000°/1050°C. Heat slowly, allowing sufficient time at the forging temperature for the steel to be thoroughly soaked through.
• Re-heat as often as necessary to keep the temperature above 850°C.
• After forging cool very slowly, preferably in a furnace.

Annealing:

• Heat uniformly to 800°C, equalize, then furnace cool. (Hardness about 229 Brinell).

Stress Relieving:

• If machining operations have been heavy or if the tool has an unbalanced section, remove stresses before hardening by heating up to 700°C, equalize, then cool slowly.

Hardening:

• Heat uniformly to 800/820°C until heated through.
• Allow 30 minutes per inch of ruling section and quench immediately in oil.

Tempering:

• Heat uniformly and thoroughly at the selected tempering temperatures and hold for at least one hour per inch of total thickness.

Product Details:

Physical Properties:

 

Mechanical Properties:

Heat Treatment of EN-31:

 

Product Details:

EN41 is a chromium-aluminium-molybdenum nitriding steel usually supplied in the hardened and tempered condition. EN41 is supplied in round bar from stock and can be cut to your requirements. EN41 ‘R’ condition has a tensile of 700-850 N/mm². EN41’S’ condition has a tensile of 775-925 N/mm². It offers high wear resistant properties together with toughness and ductility. It is defined by its suitability for nitriding from which EN41 can give a hard wear resistant case up to 68HRc, better than achievable with the similar nitriding grade EN40B.

Annealing:

• Heat slowly to 650-700°C. Cool in air.

Hardening:

• EN41 is supplied ready heat treated. If further heat treatment is required annealed EN41 should be heated slowly to 870-930°C and after adequate soaking at this temperature quench in oil/polymer or water.
• Temper as soon as tools reach room temperature.

Tempering:

• Heat carefully to a suitable temperature selected by reference to a tempering chart or table (usually between 580-700°C).
• Soak at the temperature for 2 hours per 25mm of ruling section, then allow to cool in the air.

Heat Treatment:

• Heat treatment temperatures, including rate of heating, cooling and soaking times will vary due to factors such as the shape and size of each component.
• Other considerations during the heat treatment process include the type of furnace, quenching medium and work piece transfer facilities.
• Please consult your heat treatment provider for full guidance on heat treatment of EN41 alloy nitriding steel.

Mechanical Properties:

Chemical composition:

Product Details:

Heat Treatment:

• When heat treating EN42 temperatures, including rate of heating, cooling and soaking times etc. will vary due to factors such as the shape and size of each component. Other considerations during the heat treatment process include the type of furnace, quenching medium and work piece transfer facilities.
• Please consult your heat treatment provider for full guidance on heat treatment of spring steels.

Welding:

• We recommend you contact your welding consumables supplier who should provide you full assistance and information on welding EN42J steel.

 

Chemical composition:

Mechanical Properties:

Product Details:

EN45 is a manganese spring steel. That is to say, it is a steel with a high carbon content, traces of manganese that effect the metal’s properties, and that it is generally used for springs (such as the suspension springs on old cars). It is suitable for oil hardening and tempering. When used in the oil hardened and tempered condition EN45 offers excellent spring characteristics. EN45 is commonly used in the automotive industries for the manufacture and repair of leaf springs. Tempered EN45. The typical re-enactor’s weapon is made from hardened and tempered EN45. These weapons are made by professional smiths, and their properties depend substantially on the skills and choices made by the smith. Much depends on the hardness to which the blade is tempered. The Rockwell scale is generally used as a measure of this hardness. I believe that at the present date most UK armourers temper to between 52 and 54 on this scale. Harder blades are more likely to suffer from chips and breakage, while softer blades are more likely to bur and require more frequent maintenance. To begin with all tempered swords swill pick up more damage than they will later in their life. This is because of the process of work hardening: every blow compacts the metal on the edge of the sword making it more resistant to future blows.

Forging:

• Preheat the EN45 carefully, then raise temperature to 1050°C for forging.
• After forging cool slowly, preferably in a furnace. Soak for 1 hour at 2150 F (1177 C) prior to forging.
• Do not work below 1850 F (1010 C). Post-work solution treatment is required prior to final hardening.

Annealing:

• Heat slowly to 640-680°C, soak well. Cool slowly in the furnace.

Tempering:

• Temper the EN45 spring steel immediately after quenching whilst tools are still hand warm.
• Re-heat to the tempering temperature then soak for one hour per 25 millimetre of total thickness (2 hours minimum) Cool in air.
• For most applications tempering will be between 400-550°C.

Heat Treatment:

• Heat treatment temperatures, including rate of heating, cooling and soaking times etc. will vary due to factors such as the shape and size of each component.
• Other considerations during the heattreatment process include the type of furnace, quenching medium and work piece transfer facilities.

Welding:

• We recommend you contact your welding consumables supplier who should provide you full details and information on welding EN45 spring steel.

Chemical composition:

Material Properties:

Product Details:

EN47 is suitable for oil hardening and tempering. When used in the oil hardened and tempered condition EN47 spring steel combines spring characteristics with good wear and abrasion resistance. When hardened EN47 offers excellent toughness and shock resistance which make it a suitable alloy spring steel for parts exposed to stress, shock and vibration. Applications EN47 is used widely in the motor vehicle industry and many general engineering applications. Suitable for applications that require high tensile strength and toughness. Typical applications include crankshafts, steering knuckles, gears, spindles and pumps.

Forging:

• Preheat the steel carefully, then raise temperature to 1050°C for forging.
• Do not forge below 840°C. After forging EN47 spring steel cool slowly, preferably in a furnace.

Annealing:

• Heat slowly to 820-840°C, soak well. Cool slowly in the furnace.

Hardening:

• Heat slowly to 650-700°C and thoroughly soak. Continue to heat the steel to the final hardening temperature of 830-860°C and allow the component to be heated through. Quench in oil.

Tempering:

• Temper the EN47 spring steel component immediately after quenching whilst tools are still hand warm.
• Re-heat to the tempering temperature then soak for one hour per 25 millimetre of total thickness (2 hours minimum) Cool in air.
• For most applications tempering of this grade will be between 400-600°C.

Heat Treatment:

• Heat treatment temperatures, including rate of heating, cooling and soaking times etc.
• Will vary due to factors such as the shape and size of each component. Other considerations during the heat treatment process include the type of furnace, quenching medium and work piece transfer facilities.
• Please consult your heat treatment provider for full guidance on heat treatment of EN47.

Welding:

• We recommend you contact your welding consumables supplier who should provide you full assistance and information on welding EN47 chrome vanadium spring steel.

 

Chemical Composition:

Mechanical Properties:

Product Details:

These steels are more responsive to mechanical and heat treatments than carbon steels.

Description:

• Special structural steel

Physical properties (average values) at ambient temperature:

• Modulus of elasticity [103*N/mm2] : 210
• Density [g/cm3] : 7.80

Soft Annealing:

• Heat lo 680-720C, cool slowly in furnace.
• This will produce a maximum Brinell hardness of 241.

Normalizing:

• Temperature:840-880°C

Hardening:

• Harden from a temperature of 820-680°C followed by oil water quenching

Tempering:

• Tempering Tempering temperature. 54O-680°C

Forging:

• Hot forming temperature 1050-850 °C

Physical Properties:
Mechanical Properties:
Thermal Properties:

Product Details:

EN36C gives a hard case with a strong core, whilst retaining a remarkable degree of toughness.

Carburizing / Case Hardening:

• Case hardening will give a hard wear resisting surface and tough core strength to the steel.
• Case hardening temperatures range from 860-960°C, followed by rapid quenching which will determine the resulting hardness.

Tempering:

• For optimum toughness temper at low temperatures for a minimum of 2 hours. The case hardness should be in the region of 60-62HRc.

Softening:

• If it is necessary to soften the EN36 for machining between the carburising and subsequent heat treatment stages, heat to 640-650°C. Soak at this temperature for 1 to 2 hours and cool slowly in the furnace or in air.

Heat Treatment:

• Heat treatment temperatures, including rate of heating, cooling and soaking times will vary due to factors such as the shape and size of each EN36 steel component.
• Other considerations during the heat treatment process include the type of furnace, quenching medium and work piece transfer facilities. Please consult your heat treatment provider for full guidance on heat treatment of EN36 case hardening steel.

Chemical composition:

Typical Mechanical Properties:

 

Product Details:

EN8D is a carbon steel, detailed in British Standard BS970
080A42 is a medium carbon and medium tensile steel used mainly for axles, spindles, studs, automotive and general engineering components. Suitable for heat treatment where extra strength is required. It is medium high carbon steel that can be strengthened by heat treating after forming. Machinability and weldability are fair. Typical uses include machine, plow and carriage bolts, cylinder head studs, machine parts etc. It is also used for U bolts, concrete re-enforcing rods, forgings and non critical springs.

Metallurgical Properties:

• Inclusion Rating : A B C D 2.0/1.0 E 45 A
• Grain Size : Fine grain size – ASTM No. 6-8 Decarburization &
• Surface Imperfections : 1 % of size max.
• Microstructure : Pearlte+Ferrite

Mechanical Properties:

• Coils, Hot rolled : 240 BHN max.
• Coils, Hot rolled ,Annealed: 180 BHN max
• Material Specification Sheet: UML ¬ En8D
• Grade- En8D Material Group : Carbon Steel
• International Steel Grades DIN : CK45

Chemical composition:
Mechanical Properties:

Product Details:

We are offering EN 8 Series Steel Round Bar to our clients.

Product Details:

We are offering EN 41B Series Steel Round Bar to our clients.

Product Details:

We are offering wide range of EN353 Series Steel Bars to our clients. 

Product Details:

We are offering EN19 Series Steel Bars to our clients. 

Product Details:

Chemical composition:
Product Details:

EN24 Equivalents:

Product Details:

EN 353 steel has carbon content of 0.17% and the most common form of steel as it’s provides material properties that are acceptable for many automobile applications such as heavy duty gear, shaft, pinion, cam shafts, gudgeon pins [1,8]. It is neither externally brittle nor ductile due to its lower carbon content and lower hardness. As the carbon content increases, the metal becomes harder and stronger.

Chemical Analysis :

• In order to ensure the material of the specimen is done with help of the optical emission spectroscope (OES).
• The result is obtain from the chemical analysis, carbon – 0.171 %, silicon – 0.3 %, manganese – 0.56 %, phosphorus – 0.012 %, sulphur – 0.13 %, Chromium – 0.953 %, Nickel – 0.989 %, molybdenum – 0.16 % and remaining percentage is iron respectively.
• A sample of 30 × 10 mm is polished using 60 grit papers and two sparks is introduced on the surface to find the chemical composition of the material.
• After ensuring the chemical composition, the raw material is machined according to the dimension for various tests [3]

Hardness:

• Vickers hardness measurement is done on the specimen as per the IS 1501-2002 procedures by using Vickers hardness tester (MH6).
• Hardness measurement is made with 200 g loads, dwell time of 10 seconds and diamond indenter is used for test.
• The impression is done on the circular faces at the centre of the specimen.
• The hardness values are taken corresponding to the diagonal length of the indentation.
• Two samples (i.e. BHT and AHT) and five readings are taken from the each sample from case to core.
• The average value is calculated from five readings.
• The hardness values of BHT (case and core) samples are, 193.7 and 201.8 HV respectively.
• The hardness values of AHT (case and core) samples are 684.5 and 387.8 HV respectively. It is clearly noticed that the base material (BHT) has the low hardness.

Analysis:

• X-Ray Diffractometer is one of the most powerful techniques for material structural analysis.
• Bruker AXS D8 Advance X-Ray diffractometer fit with vertical goniometers, low and high temperature attachment.
• The angle range is 360°, the maximum usable angular is 3° to 135° and wavelength is 1.5406 Å. X-ray diffraction analysis is carried out under the following condition: Cu radiation, 40 KV voltage, 35 mA current and maximum angular speed 30°/s.

Heat treatment Procedure for EN353:

• CARBURISING Pack, salt or gas carburize at 910C, holding for sufficient time to develop the required case depth and carbon content, Slow cool from carburizing temperature and re-heat to 870C, hold until temperature is uniform throughout the section, quench as required in water, oil or air cool.

Tempering:

• Re-heat to 780C – 820C, hold until temperature is uniform throughout the section, and quench in oil,Temper immediately while still hand warm. Heat to 150C – 200C as required, Soak for 1 – 2 hours per 25mm of section, and cool in still air.

 

Chemical composition:

Product Details:

EN9 steel stockholders and suppliers, delivering to the whole of South India.

Other Available Grade: EN9, EN24, EN19,etc

Annealing:
Heat the steel slowly to 680-710°C, soak well.
Cool slowly in the furnace.

Hardening:

• Heat slowly to 820-840°C, soak well.
• Cool slowly in the furnace.

Tempering:

• Temper the EN9 steel component immediately after quenching whilst still hand warm.
• Re-heat to the tempering temperature then soak for one hour per 25 millimetre of total thickness (2 hours minimum) Cool in air.
• For most applications tempering of EN9 will be between 550-660°C.

Heat Treatment:

• Heat treatment temperatures, including rate of heating, cooling and soaking times will vary due to factors such as the shape and size of each EN9 steel component.
• Other considerations during the heat treatment process include the type of furnace, quenching medium and work piece transfer facilities.
• Please consult your heat treatment provider for full guidance on heat treatment of EN9 carbon steel.

Chemical composition:
Mechanical Properties:

Product Details:

EN41 is a chromium-aluminium-molybdenum nitriding steel usually supplied in the hardened and tempered condition. EN41 is supplied in round bar from stock and can be cut to your requirements. EN41 ‘R’ condition has a tensile of 700-850 N/mm². EN41’S’ condition has a tensile of 775-925 N/mm². It offers high wear resistant properties together with toughness and ductility. It is defined by its suitability for nitriding from which EN41 can give a hard wear resistant case up to 68HRc, better than achievable with the similar nitriding grade EN40B.

Annealing:

• Heat slowly to 650-700°C. Cool in air.

Hardening:

• EN41 is supplied ready heat treated.
• If further heat treatment is required annealed EN41 should be heated slowly to 870-930°C and after adequate soaking at this temperature quench in oil/polymer or water.
• Temper as soon as tools reach room temperature.

Tempering:

• Heat carefully to a suitable temperature selected by reference to a tempering chart or table (usually between 580-700°C).
• Soak at the temperature for 2 hours per 25mm of ruling section, then allow to cool in the air.

Heat Treatment:

• Heat treatment temperatures, including rate of heating, cooling and soaking times will vary due to factors such as the shape and size of each component.
• Other considerations during the heat treatment process include the type of furnace, quenching medium and work piece transfer facilities.
• Please consult your heat treatment provider for full guidance on heat treatment of EN41 alloy nitriding steel.

Chemical composition:

Equivalents:

 

 

 

Product Details:

En 353 steel has carbon content of 0.17% and the most common form of steel as it’s provides material properties that are acceptable for many automobile applications such as heavy duty gear, shaft, pinion, cam shafts, gudgeon pins [1,8].

Chemical Analysis:

• In order to ensure the material of the specimen is done with help of the optical emission spectroscope (OES).
• The result is obtain from the chemical analysis, carbon – 0.171 %, silicon – 0.3 %, manganese – 0.56 %, phosphorus – 0.012 %, sulphur – 0.13 %, Chromium – 0.953 %, Nickel – 0.989 %, molybdenum – 0.16 % and remaining percentage is iron respectively.
• A sample of 30 × 10 mm is polished using 60 grit papers and two sparks is introduced on the surface to find the chemical composition of the material.
• After ensuring the chemical composition, the raw material is machined according to the dimension for various tests [3]

Hardness:

• Vickers hardness measurement is done on the specimen as per the IS 1501-2002 procedures by using Vickers hardness tester (MH6).
• Hardness measurement is made with 200 g loads, dwell time of 10 seconds and diamond indenter is used for test.
• The impression is done on the circular faces at the centre of the specimen.
• The hardness values are taken corresponding to the diagonal length of the indentation.
• Two samples (i.e. BHT and AHT) and five readings are taken from the each sample from case to core. The average value is calculated from five readings.
• The hardness values of BHT (case and core) samples are, 193.7 and 201.8 HV respectively. The hardness values of AHT (case and core) samples are 684.5 and 387.8 HV respectively.
• It is clearly noticed that the base material (BHT) has the low hardness. The AHT specimen has high hardness when compared to the BHT sample.

Analysis:

• X-Ray Diffractometer is one of the most powerful techniques for material structural analysis.
• Bruker AXS D8 Advance X-Ray diffractometer fit with vertical goniometers, low and high temperature attachment.
• The angle range is 360°, the maximum usable angular is 3° to 135° and wavelength is 1.5406 Å. X-ray diffraction analysis is carried out under the following condition: Cu radiation, 40 KV voltage, 35 mA current and maximum angular speed 30°/s.
• When the x-ray is passed into the substrate and it is reflected back to the detector the angle made by the reflected ray to the substrate is denoted as

Heat treatment Procedure for EN353:

• CARBURISING Pack, salt or gas carburize at 910C, holding for sufficient time to develop the required case depth and carbon content, Slow cool from carburizing temperature and re-heat to 870C, hold until temperature is uniform throughout the section, quench as required in water, oil or air cool.

Chemical composition:

Mechanical Properties:

Product Details:

EN31 is a high carbon Alloy steel which achieves a high degree of hardness with compressive strength and abrasion resistance.

Forging:

• Forge at 1000°/1050°C.
• Heat slowly, allowing sufficient time at the forging temperature for the steel to be thoroughly soaked through.
• Re-heat as often as necessary to keep the temperature above 850°C. After forging cool very slowly, preferably in a furnace.

Annealing:

• Heat uniformly to 800°C, equalize, then furnace cool. (Hardness about 229 Brinell).

Stress Relieving:

• If machining operations have been heavy or if the tool has an unbalanced section, remove stresses before hardening by heating up to 700°C, equalize, then cool slowly.

Tempering:

• Heat uniformly and thoroughly at the selected tempering temperatures and hold for at least one hour per inch of total thickness.

 

Hardening:

• Heat uniformly to 800/820°C until heated through. Allow 30 minutes per inch of ruling section and quench immediately in oil.

Product Details:

Physical Properties:

Mechanical Properties:

Heat Treatment of EN-31:

Product Details:

EN36C gives a hard case with a strong core, whilst retaining a remarkable degree of toughness.

Carburizing / Case Hardening:

• Case hardening will give a hard wear resisting surface and tough core strength to the steel.
• Case hardening temperatures range from 860-960°C, followed by rapid quenching which will determine the resulting hardness.

Tempering:

• For optimum toughness temper at low temperatures for a minimum of 2 hours. The case hardness should be in the region of 60-62HRc.

Softening:

• If it is necessary to soften the EN36 for machining between the carburising and subsequent heat treatment stages, heat to 640-650°C. Soak at this temperature for 1 to 2 hours and cool slowly in the furnace or in air.

Heat Treatment:

• Heat treatment temperatures, including rate of heating, cooling and soaking times will vary due to factors such as the shape and size of each EN36 steel component.
• Other considerations during the heat treatment process include the type of furnace, quenching medium and work piece transfer facilities.
• Please consult your heat treatment provider for full guidance on heat treatment of EN36 case hardening steel.

Chemical composition:

Typical Mechanical Properties: